Study Flashcards On Core 250 Exam #1 at Cram.com. — Cynic, n. — Cynical, adj. According to Aristotle, _____ is that which makes a thing what it is. In Plato's view, the "average person" _____. Protagoras claimed that "all things are measured against nature's standard. The root entero-is used in many words related to the intestines, such as enterology (the branch of medicine dealing with the intestines). The mythical Gaia was the primal Greek goddess personifying the Earth, the Greek version of "Mother Nature" (from Ge = Earth, and Aia = PIE grandmother), or the Earth Mother. the claim that behavior is always controlled by beliefs about what is good. Here, you'll find the meanings of all the Greek and Latin root words commonly used in constructing biological and medical terminology. Aristotle believed in _____ level(s) of reality. His philosophical foundations draw upon a … the state of actualizing a things function. The Greeks won the day against enormous odds. _____ is general knowledge of what does and does not produce human happiness. Multiple Choice Questions on John 1:1-5. From lowest to highest, the levels of awareness are _____. This material appears in his ethical writings, in a systematic treatise on the nature of the soul (De anima), and in a number of minor monographs on topics such as sense-perception, memory, sleep, and dreams. For Aristotle, the body and soul are not two separate elements but are one thing. was invented to mock people who didn't speak greek. But in Aristotle’s Metaphysics, at the heart of his philosophy, such separation removes any intelligibility and meaning to the world. 1. In Plato’s “ Simile of the Sun ” passage from his work “ Republic,” Plato used the idea of light as a necessary requirement of knowledge, in part, to disprove this particular philosophy that contended that knowledge was a function of perception. He was a friend and student of Parmenides, who was twenty-five years older and also from Elea. Aristotle describes and argues for the four causes in his books Physics and Metaphysics as a part of developing his philosophy of substance.He claims that there are four causes (or explanations) needed to explain change in the world. The history of Western philosophy has been dominated by _____. 15. written 500 years after fall of Troy, and offers formulaic descriptions of Greek life. Socrates A. This was the Cyrenaic view of happiness. The philosophy that reality consists of empty space and ultimately simple entities that combine to form objects is known as _____. Aristotle himself described his subject matter in a variety of ways: as ‘first philosophy’, or ‘the study of being qua being’, or ‘wisdom’, or ‘theology’. _____. Thomas (Thomas Theorem) IV. The story of the Ring of Gyges concerns _____. It was the central doctrine of Aristotle’s philosophy of nature. Part of Aristotle’s point is that there is no one answer to this question. According to the Melchert text, we know about Socrates primarily, According to the Melchert text, in discussions with others, Socrates, agreement that a satisfactory answer hadn't been reached, According to the Melchert text, conversations with Socrates generally end with, According to the Melchert text, to benefit from a conversation with Socrates, you need to be, it is better than to suffer injustice than to do it. The Greek civilization, for example, arose from the Aryan stock with a tincture of the Semitic. ): Believed sensory experience to be the basis of all knowledge, although the five senses and the common sense provided only the information from which knowledge could be derived. ancient Greek times) was largely dominated by the prominent theory of hedonism (Kesebir & Diener, 2008). 348 BCE), who himself had been a student of Socrates (c. 470–399 BCE). According to Plato, "knowledge of particulars" _____. Aristotle agreed with his teacher Plato on all major philosophical matters. Perhaps the greatest of the Sophists was _____. Mechane. Definition • Spartans defeated Athens and then Romans invaded Greek territory making everything unstable and people were demoralized According to Aristotle, the ultimate goal or purpose for which a thing exists is known as its _____ cause. According to Plato, _____ changes but _____ is timeless. Quickly memorize the terms, phrases and much more. In Plato's metaphysics, the highest level of reality consists of _____. Ethics is the area of philosophy that _____. See more. ", ideas have truth value to the extent that they produce practical results. ", The term "ethnocentrism" derives from Greek roots meaning "_____.". Another name for a paradigmatic individual is _____. Start studying Weekly Quiz on Aristotles Virtue Ethics. Plato vs Aristotle: Compared Philosophies Undeniably, Plato and Aristotle are the two rock stars of Greek Philosophy. Traditionally, wisdom has been associated with _____ in a way that knowledge has not. Greek philosophy covers an absolutely enormous amount of topics including: political philosophy, ethics, metaphysics, ontology (the study of the nature of being, becoming, existence, or reality), logic, biology, rhetoric, and aesthetics (branch of philosophy dealing with art, beauty, and taste). The concept is intimately connected with Aristotle’s distinction between matter and form, or the potential and the actual. Plato used the concept of a divided line to illustrate _____. In “Leibnizianisme”, he brings together Aristotle’s entelechy, Leibniz’s monads, and sensitivity as a “general property of matter” (Enc. Plato concluded that the solution to the basic problem of knowledge lay in acknowledging that _____. He was mentored by Plato and went on to become the mentor and tutor of Alexander the Great. For Plato, _____ is the ideal form of government. The _____ soul registers information regarding the form of things, but not does absorb or become those things. One who is trapped in _____ will mock others' points of view without investigating them. livkraus5. Although there were Greek philosophers before their respective births, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle are the only three worth focusing on during this period. Although there were Greek philos… Start studying philosophy Ch.6. both Heraclitus and Parmenides were correct in their efforts to characterize reality. (A) It describes the “inner urge” implanted by nature in all living things. Which term was first used by the Pythagoreans to characterize the universe as an ordered whole consisting of harmonies of contrasting elements? Happiness. From its early reception by the Toledans, who undoubtedly held this tributary painting in high regard, to the contemporary critics and visitors who still flock in droves to see this masterpiece, The Burial of the Count of Orgaz has generally been received with overwhelming praise. ... OTHER QUIZLET SETS. Aristotle believed that human beings are not separate from nature, but are part of nature. Entelechy, (from Greek entelecheia), in philosophy, that which realizes or makes actual what is otherwise merely potential. What did Socrates say about the unexamined life? For Aristotle, _____ is that at which all things aim. Aristotle himself described his subject matter in a variety of ways:as ‘first philosophy’, or ‘the study of being quabeing’, or ‘wisdom’, or ‘theology’. Ancient Greek philosophy arose in the 6th century BC and lasted through the Hellenistic period (323 BC-30 BC). _____ is the virtue associated with the guardians. Plato thought that rule by the many _____. Aristotle thought of happiness in terms of _____. Our main sources of information concerning Protagoras are: 1. did not understand that opinions change, the truth does not, the relationship of knowledge to opinion, reality to experience, and metaphysics to epistemology. Virtue, arete, or excellence is defined as a mean between two extremes of excess and defect in regard to a feeling or action as the practically wise person would determine it.The mean cannot be calculated a priori.The mean is relative to the individual and circumstances. Aristotle’s most famous teacher was Plato (c. 428–c. According to Aristotle, the lowest level of soul is the _____ soul. See more. 9. According to Plato, _____ is excellence of function of the whole. Athenian trials consisted of _____ parts. A Look at the Philosophy of Happiness. Aristotle also believed that everything in nature had within it an entelechy … He wrote several works on the spiritual life and recodified the constitution of his order (1260). In the philosophy of Aristotle, the actualization of the potential form or function of a substance. According to Plato, democracy leads to _____. In part, Plato's theory of forms was his answer to _____. Plato, in his theory of forms, separates the sensible world (appearances) of the intelligible world (ideas) and the intelligible world was the only reality, the foundation of all truth. In Metaphysics Α.1, Aristotle says that “all mensuppose what is called wisdom (sophia) to deal with the firstcauses (aitia) and the principles (archai) ofthings” (981b28), and it is these causes and principles that heproposes to study in this work. An aition is just whatever one can cite in answer to a “why?” question. chies 1. humans always seek what they perceive to be their own welfare. 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